BALTIMORE AND OHIO RAILROAD TIMELINE
The following is a timeline for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Many of the railroad's major and minor historical events, over 600 of them, are listed here in chronological order. The year is listed first and then, when available, the month and the date, followed by the event itself.
Please note, the various Firsts, such as First railroad to be organized, were claimed by the B&O only for the United States, though many were also firsts for the entire world.
1827 02 12 Leading citizens of Baltimore meet at the home of George Brown to discuss railroads and canals.
1827 02 28 Act of incorporation passed by Maryland legislature.
1827 03 08 Act of incorporation confirmed by Virginia.
1827 04 12 First railroad to be organized.
1827 04 23 First board of directors elected.
1827 04 24 Company formally incorporated. Philip E. Thomas elected first president.
1828 First railroad "cut" four miles from Baltimore.
1828 First railroad to patent a "dirt remover", forerunner of the steam shovel.
1828 02 22 Charter confirmed by Pennsylvania.
1828 03 17 First memorial by a railroad company to Congress.
1828 04 12 First Railroad Engineers and Superintendent of Construction.
1828 06 10 C&O Canal files suit to block B&O purchase of land along Potomac River.
1828 06 23 B&O files suit to block C&O Canal Company purchase of land along the Potomac.
1828 07 04 First railroad advertisement.
1828 07 04 First stone laid. Charles Carroll, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, first to break ground.
1828 07 07 Cornerstone laid, construction of railroad started shortly after.
1828 07 28 First railroad grading started.
1828 09 30 First railroad iron rails decided upon.
1828 11 14 First railroad to plan its bridge construction of stone.
1828 12 First rail "wagon", forerunner to the freight car, built by Winans.
1829 First railroad revenue received from sale of railroad transportation.
1829 First railroad ticket office on Pratt St., Baltimore.
1829 First to adopt car wheels revolving integral with the axles.
1829 First railroad ticket, Baltimore to Carrollton, Md.
1829 09 First locomotive built in America, "Tom Thumb", has trial run.
1829 10 First track laid using standard English gauge of 4 ft., 8 1/2 in.
1829 12 04 Patterson Viaduct completed.
1829 12 04 First trip of the first passenger car, horse drawn.
1829 12 21 Carrollton Viaduct, the first railroad stone arch bridge in the world.
1830 First anti-friction axle boxes.
1830 First passenger and freight station in America, Mount Clare.
1830 Peter Copper's "Tom Thumb" carries B&O directors on a 13 mile run in 57 minutes.
1830 01 First dividend declared by a railroad.
1830 01 07 One and one half mile line opened to the public. One way ticket cost nine cents.
1830 01 14 First journals used on railroad cars.
1830 01 23 First Congressional inspection of a railroad.
1830 01 23 First to reach a railroad speed of 20 MPH with Evens Thomas' sail car.
1830 03 06 First European Inspection of a railroad in America.
1830 05 First railroad time table.
1830 05 22 First train to Ellicott's Mills.
1830 05 23 First time table advertisement.
1830 05 24 Passenger service on just completed 13 mile line to Ellicott Mills commences.
1830 08 Freight service begins.
1830 08 24 First public appearance of Peter Cooper's locomotive.
1830 08 25 First race between a horse and a locomotive, the Tom Thumb.
1830 08 28 Oliver Viaduct opened.
1830 12 06 First railroad to be authorized to go into Washington, D.C.
1831 First Grasshopper type locomotive, the York, placed into active service.
1831 First locomotive competition in America.
1831 02 First double track railroad, Baltimore to Ellicott's Mills.
1831 03 02 First railroad to receive authorization from Congress to enter Washington.
1831 04 08 Winchester and Potomac chartered.
1831 06 29 Irish laborers riot at Sykesville.
1831 07 04 First 8-wheel passenger car, the Columbus, built by Winans.
1831 08 30 First railroad speed of 30 MPH.
1831 12 01 Line opened to Frederick Md., 61 miles west of Baltimore.
1831 12 02 Frederick, Md. station opened.
1832 First use of iron wheels on a passenger car.
1832 03 05 First discovery of the link cut-off in a locomotive.
1832 04 02 Line reaches Point of Rocks along the Potomac River.
1832 08 06 First trip of Atlantic locomotive, first efficient coal burner.
1833 First railroad shops, Mount Clare.
1833 03 09 State of Maryland charters Washington branch of the B&O.
1833 04 First railroad iron suspension bridge.
1833 06 06 Andrew Jackson rides the B&O and becomes first American president to ride a railroad.
1834 First American railroad securities marketed abroad.
1834 First locomotive turntable, at Mount Clare Shops.
1834 First baggage car
1834 12 01 Line reaches Potomac River opposite Harpers Ferry, Va.
1835 07 04 Thomas Viaduct, the country's first curved multi-arch stone railroad bridge, opens.
1835 08 25 Washington Branch opens.
1836 03 14 Winchester and Potomac begins operations.
1836 06 30 President Philip E. Thomas resigns. Joseph W. Patterson elected second president of railroad.
1836 10 First Bollman Truss Railroad Bridge built at Harpers Ferry.
1836 12 27 Louis McLane elected president replacing interim president, Joseph W. Patterson.
1837 01 First bridge at Harpers Ferry opens allowing a connection with the Winchester and Potomac Railroad.
1837 04 03 Pittsburgh & Connellsville Railroad Co. incorporated by a special act of the Pa. General Assembly.
1837 09 03 Center span of bridge at Harpers Ferry collapses dumping an engine, tender and crew into the river.
1838 Part of Harpers Ferry bridge collapse, again, this time dumping twenty cars into the river.
1838 01 01 First contract for carrying mail by a railroad.
1840 First spark arrestor.
1841 02 William Henry Harrison becomes the first American president-elect to travel the B&O to his inauguration.
1842 05 B&O reaches Martinsburg, Va. (later West Va.).
1842 06 B&O reaches Hancock, Va.(later West Va.).
1842 06 01 Mainline extended 41 miles west of Harpers Ferry.
1842 11 05 Railroad opens line as far as Cumberland.
1843 First telegraph line, from Baltimore to Washington.
1843 First telegraph poles along a right of way.
1843 First dining cars.
1844 First special train carrying a Presidential speech to New York.
1844 First American rolled rail put into use on the B&O.
1844 First iron box cars.
1844 04 03 First pension system suggested.
1844 05 24 World's first telegraph transmitted over line from the capitol building to Pratt Street Depot.
1846 First time a Presidential message carried by train to a newspaper.
1846 04 21 Bill signed by state of Pennsylvania allowing B&O to build to Pittsburgh, with numerous restrictions.
1847 08 02 Governor of Pennsylvania signs proclamation ending B&O's right to build to Pittsburgh.
1847 12 28 Construction commences on the Pittsburgh & Connellsville near McKeesport, Pa.
1848 10 09 President Louis McLane resigns. Thomas Swann elected new president two days later.
1850 First Camelback locomotive.
1851 02 14 Northwestern Virginia Railroad chartered to build line from B&O at Three Forks Creek to Parkersburg.
1851 04 B&O opens new station in Washington located on New Jersey and C streets.
1851 04 29 First successful demonstration of an electric motor on rails.
1851 06 05 First railroad to reach the summit of the Alleghenies.
1852 05 08 Kingwood Tunnel completed.
1852 06 22 Line completed to Fairmont, on the Monongahela River.
1852 12 24 Line reaches Wheeling, Va. (now West Va.) and becomes first railroad to reach Ohio River from seacoast.
1853 History and Description of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, the nation's first railroad history book, written.
1853 01 01 First train to Wheeling.
1853 01 01 First train operated from shores of the Atlantic to Ohio River.
1853 03 27 Eight killed in Cheat River Grade accident.
1853 03 28 Board Tree Tunnel completed.
1853 04 President Thomas Swann resigns and is succeeded by William G. Harrison.
1853 04 08 B&O authorized to extend its line from Cumberland to the Pennsylvania-Maryland border.
1853 09 14 First railroad mutual insurance body operated.
1854 05 22 Contract awarded for construction of Sand Patch Tunnel along the Pittsburgh & Connellsville.
1855 09 13 Operation begins on the Pittsburgh & Connellsville from Connellsville to West Newton.
1855 11 14 Chauncy Brooks replaces William G. Harrison as president.
1856 City of Grafton chartered by state of Virginia, believed to be named after John Grafton, B&O civil engineer.
1856 07 Construction of a second track between Duffields and Martinsburg begins.
1856 08 10 An additional eight miles of the Pittsburgh & Connellsville opened for service to Guffeys, Pa.
1856 12 B&O leases Northwestern Virginia Railroad for five years.
1857 01 14 Extension of the Pittsburgh & Connellsville connecting with the Pennsylvania Railroad in Brinton opens.
1857 05 01 Parkersburg Branch completed.
1857 06 07 Iron bridge over Monongahela at Fairmont completed.
1857 06 21 First through train from Atlantic Coast to St. Louis.
1858 11 17 John W. Garrett elected president replacing Chauncy Brooks.
1859 First sleeping cars put into through service.
1859 First through baggage and mail cars, Baltimore to New York.
1859 10 17 John Brown's raiders capture arsenal at Harpers Ferry along with B&O bridges.
1861 02 23 President-elect Lincoln travels on B&O from Camden Station to Washington D.C. arriving safely at 6:00am.
1861 05 23 Stonewall Jackson's troops raid the B&O and capture 56 locomotives and over 300 freight cars.
1861 05 28 Confederate forces capture about 100 miles of B&O main line between Point of Rocks and Cumberland.
1861 06 14 Stonewall's troops destroy bridge at Harpers Ferry effectively closing down main line for ten months.
1861 06 23 Jackson strikes again, this time at Martinsburg, shops, depots, rolling stock and 42 engines destroyed.
1861 09 First coal unloading machine, Sandy Hook on the Potomac.
1861 10 10 Pittsburgh & Connellsville line between Turtle Creek and Pittsburgh completed for operation.
1862 03 30 Entire main line reopened from Baltimore to Ohio.
1862 09 08 Confederates destroy bridge at Monocacy along with water station, engine house and pump house.
1862 10 19 Retreating Confederate troops hit Martinsburg again.
1863 08 10 Railroad reopened again after suffering more raids and destruction at Confederate hands.
1863 09 28 B&O helps to transport 23,000 Union troops with equipment on their way to Chattanooga.
1864 First steel rail put into use.
1864 07 12 Confederates hit Washington branch just 12 miles north of the city.
1864 10 14 John Mosby's Partisan Raiders hit B&O 11 miles west of Harpers Ferry. Western Express derailed.
1865 04 B&O handles funeral train for President Abraham Lincoln between Washington and Baltimore.
1865 06 05 B&O transports a record 13,943 victorious Union troops out of D.C. over Washington branch.
1865 07 First railroad line of steamers established to Liverpool, England.
1866 02 23 B&O interests obtain charter for the Valley Railroad to run from Harrisonburg to Salem, Virginia.
1866 11 21 Reorganized Central Ohio leased to B&O for 25 years. Later converted from Ohio to standard gauge.
1867 Winchester and Strasburg Railroad chartered.
1867 07 01 Winchester and Potomac leased by B&O for 20 years.
1867 11 21 Washington Branch completed.
1868 05 02 Construction begins on Ohio River bridge at Wheeling.
1869 07 01 Central Ohio leases the Sandusky, Mansfield and Newark for 17 years, 5 months.
1869 07 09 Construction begins on Ohio River bridge at Parkersburg.
1870 07 28 B&O takes over operation of Winchester and Strasburg Railroad.
1871 Continental Fast Freight Line, a cooperative line to give direct freight service to St. Louis, established.
1871 01 07 Parkersburg bridge opens for traffic connecting the B&O to the Marietta and Cincinnati Railroad.
1871 04 10 Pittsburgh and Connellsville Railroad, under B&O control, extended to Cumberland.
1871 05 01 Wheeling, Pittsburgh and Baltimore sold to the B&O.
1871 05 02 B&O begins operating Wheeling, Pittsburg & Baltimore.
1871 06 Pittsburgh & Connellsville line from Gibson Junction to connection with the C&P at Mt. Savage, Md. opens.
1871 06 21 Wheeling bridge opens for traffic. Soon after B&O links with Central Ohio.
1872 First railroad grain elevator for export, Locust Point.
1872 Second Cumberland station opened along with Queen City Hotel.
1872 01 01 Sandusky, Mansfield and Newark leases Newark, Somerset and Straitsville RR for 14 years.
1873 Third track added to run between Duffields and Kearneysville.
1873 Panic of 1873, along with the depression that followed, causes more rate wars and financial problems.
1873 Resort hotel built at Deer Park.
1873 Viaduct Hotel and station complex opens at Relay, Md. next to Thomas Viaduct.
1873 05 25 Service begins on the Metropolitan branch between Washington and Point of Rocks.
1873 09 01 The Valley Railroad is leased by B&O.
1873 09 01 Virginia Midland Railroad leased by B&O for 99 years.
1874 11 23 B&O's Baltimore, Pittsburgh and Chicago opens for business providing route to Chicago.
1875 Second, and current, Point of Rocks station opened.
1875 Resort hotel built at Oakland.
1875 12 13 Pittsburgh & Connellsville Railroad leased to the B&O for fifty years effective January 1, 1876.
1877 As a results of the strikes some labor reforms enacted.
1877 07 16 Railroad strikes and violence hit the B&O following wage cuts.
1877 07 18 John Garrett requests President Hayes send federal troops to put down violence in West Virginia.
1877 07 20 A mob of 15,000 riots around Camden Station. Other parts of Baltimore see violence.
1877 07 20 Mobs at Cumberland stop 15 freight trains
1877 07 27 U.S. Army troops escort B&O train west of Cumberland with only minor problems.
1877 08 01 First express company operated by a railroad.
1877 12 19 Pittsburgh, Castle Shannon & Washington begins operation on 4.6 mile narrow gauge line.
1878 B&O buys Byrnes Island located west of Harpers Ferry on the Potomac.
1878 06 04 Pittsburgh, Castle Shannon & Washington changes name to Pittsburgh Southern Railroad Company.
1879 B&O opens an amusement park on Byrnes Island.
1879 04 Pittsburgh Southern RR Company becomes Pittsburgh Southern Ry. after being purchased at auction.
1879 08 27 Pittsburgh & Western Railroad Company formed to take over Pittsburgh, New Castle & Lake Erie Railroad.
1879 10 08 Robert Garrett, son of John W., appointed third vice president.
1880 New passenger station built in Charlestown, WV.
1880 05 01 First railroad employees relief association begins operation.
1880 12 01 B&O routes all service east of Philadelphia via Delaware and Bound Brook and Central of New Jersey.
1881 03 21 John Garrett announces B&O's control of Delaware Western in order to build B&O's own Philadelphia line.
1881 08 01 Robert Garrett promoted to first vice president.
1881 12 21 Pittsburgh Junction Railroad formed from the consolidation two other railroad companies.
1882 First railroad employees savings and building & loan association.
1883 Valley Railroad, leased by the B&O, is completed from Staunton to Lexington, Va.
1883 01 B&O takes control of Pittsburgh Southern Railway. Narrow gauge portions converted to standard gauge later.
1883 01 01 Standard gauge service begins on the Pittsburgh & Western between New Castle Junction and Pittsburgh.
1883 11 18 Standard time adopted at noon.
1884 New station build at Duffields, WV.
1884 B&O no longer able to use Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore line to Philadelphia.
1884 09 01 Pittsburgh Junction Railroad's line between the P&C at Laughlin Junc. and the P&W at Willow Grove opens.
1884 09 26 President John W. Garrett dies at age 64.
1884 10 01 First railroad pension feature established.
1884 11 20 Robert Garrett succeeds his father as president of the B&O.
1884 12 Bridge across Monongahela and approach tracks built by Pittsburgh Southern Railway.
1885 B&O purchases a controlling interest of the Staten Island Rapid Transit Railroad
1885 Pittsburgh Southern Railway reorganized as the B&O Short Line.
1886 07 11 B&O's new line to Philadelphia becomes operational.
1886 09 19 Philadelphia Division passenger service begun to Philadelphia.
1887 Engine house built at Strasburg Junction, Va.
1887 B&O builds bridge across the Arthur Kill allowing a link to Staten Island.
1887 B&O sells telegraph system to Western Union.
1887 07 03 Pittsburgh, Castle Shannon & Washington Railroad Co. incorporated.
1887 07 20 Wheeling, Pittsburgh & Baltimore RR formed from consolidation and merger of B&O Short Line and W,P&B.
1887 09 30 B&O purchases Wheeling, Pittsburg & Baltimore.
1887 10 12 Robert Garrett resigns citing poor health. Francis Burns elected president pro tem.
1887 12 10 Samuel Spencer elected president.
1888 Interchange track put in at Winchester to connect Winchester and Potomac (B&O) and Cumberland Valley.
1888 Double-tracked Ellwood Tunnel constructed along Pittsburg division.
1888 06 B&O sells sleeping and parlor car equipment to Pullman.
1888 12 19 Lacking board support, Samuel Spencer resigns as president after serving just over a year.
1888 12 19 Charles F. Mayer succeeds Samuel Spencer as president.
1889 B&O expands its Washington station.
1889 Marietta and Cincinnati, now owned by the B&O, reorganized as Baltimore and Ohio Southwestern.
1889 06 10 Smithfield St. Station opened for service in Pittsburgh.
1890 B&O expands amusement park, now named Island Park, on Byrnes Island.
1890 All-Pullman Royal Blue begins running between Jersey City and Washington.
1890 01 B&O acquires control of the Valley Railway Company.
1890 02 07 West Virginia and Pittsburg Railroad leased by B&O for 999 years.
1890 06 E. R. Bacon forms syndicate to control B&O stock which includes the Reading and Northern Pacific.
1890 07 16 Board learns that city of Baltimore has sold all of its B&O stock. Maryland soon sells its preferred stock.
1890 07 31 Royal Blue Line Service to New York begun.
1891 Block system developed and installation begins from Washington Junction to Cumberland.
1891 05 Akron Union Depot Company incorporated. Station opened later in year and used by B&O subsidiary.
1891 08 Freight service begins on Akron & Chicago Junction Railroad that runs from Akron to Willard, Ohio.
1891 12 01 Grand Central Station in Chicago opens.
1892 Tunnel built through Maryland Heights at Harpers Ferry.
1892 Class D-22, 0-6-0 switcher built by Rhode Island.
1893 B&O builds "The World's Rail Way" at Columbian Exposition in Chicago.
1893 03 02 Railroad Safety Appliance Act signed into law. B&O director complains that compliance will cost millions.
1894 St. Louis Union Station opens.
1894 04 12 New iron and steel bridge placed into service at Harpers Ferry.
1895 Cleveland Term. and Valley Railroad Co. incorporated and acquires B&O term. properties and Valley Railway.
1895 05 01 Howard St. tunnel, running from Camden Station to Mt. Royal Station, goes into operation.
1895 06 27 First railroad to use an electric locomotive.
1896 01 24 John K. Cowen elected to replace Charles Mayer as president after Mayer resigns in mid December.
1896 03 01 Weak financial situation forces B&O into receivership.
1896 09 01 Mount Royal Station opens in north Baltimore.
1897 10 27 Half of Pittsburgh & Connellsville's Brinton Branch sold to the Union Railroad.
1898 Passenger station opened in Cleveland.
1898 05 15 First run of the Royal Limited.
1898 08 Trackmen working on a line to Mt. Clare uncover the original first stone.
1899 07 01 B&O comes out of receivership.
1899 11 Alexander Cassatt, president of the PRR, buys first block of B&O stock.
1900 05 B&O begins testing a "streamlined" train, a railroad first, but generates little interest.
1900 07 01 B&O acquires Baltimore and Ohio Southwestern Railroad.
1900 11 19 B&O board elected with two members of the PRR board.
1901 Class L-3, 0-8-0 switchers built by Baldwin.
1901 Class B-18c and class B-18-d, 4-6-0 locomotives built by International Power Co.
1901 Class B-18e, 4-6-0 locomotives built by Baldwin.
1901 05 Two more members of the PRR board added to B&O board giving PRR effective control of B&O.
1901 05 PRR forces president John Cowen to resign.
1901 06 01 Leonor F. Loree, a vice president of the PRR, succeeds John Cowen as president.
1901 07 31 PRR, ACL, Southern, SAL, C&O and B&O create Richmond Washington Company.
1902 First of class E-24a, 2-8-0 Consolidation locomotives built by Alco.
1902 Akron & Barberton Belt incorporated and is jointly owned by B&O, PRR, Erie and AC&Y.
1902 01 01 B&O begins operation on the Pittsburgh Junction Railroad.
1902 02 01 B&O takes over direct operation of the Pittsburgh & Western.
1903 Class L-1a, 0-8-0 switchers built by Alco.
1903 02 03 Congress passes legislation authorizing a single union station for Washington.
1903 12 29 Oscar G. Murray elected president to replace Leonor F. Loree upon his resignation.
1904 B&O reprises "The World's Rail Way" exhibit at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis.
1904 First Mallet type locomotives purchased. First Mallet's were 0-8-8-0's.
1904 Class D-44, 0-6-0 switchers built by Brooks.
1904 Class E-60a, 2-8-0 Consolidation locomotives built by Alco.
1904 Class L-1, 0-8-0 switcher built by Alco.
1904 01 01 Leonor F. Loree's resignation as president becomes effective.
1904 02 07 Major fire in downtown Baltimore destroys B&O's headquarters.
1905 First of class E-60, 2-8-0 Consolidation locomotives built by Alco.
1905 First of class L-2, 0-8-0 switchers built by Alco.
1906 Last two board members representing the state of Maryland leave the board.
1906 PRR sells about half of its B&O stock to Union Pacific.
1906 Class E-27da and class E-27h, 2-8-0 Consolidation locomotives built by Alco.
1906 Class L-2b and class L-2c, 0-8-0 switchers built by Alco.
1906 08 01 Potomac yard begins operation.
1906 09 30 B&O occupies new corporate headquarters.
1907 10 Union Station, Washington D.C. opened.
1907 10 27 First scheduled train to use Washington Union Station.
1909 B&O assumes control of Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton Railroad.
1909 06 B&O assumes operation of Cleveland Terminal and Valley Railroad.
1910 B&O buys the Chicago Terminal Transfer Railroad and reorganizes it as the B&O Chicago Terminal.
1910 Class E-27ca, class E-27d and class E-31b, 2-8-0 Consolidation locomotives built by Alco.
1910 Class L-2a, 0-8-0 switchers built by Alco.
1910 01 04 Oscar G. Murray submits his resignation as president.
1910 01 14 Oscar G. Murray steps down as president and is elected as chairman of the board the next day.
1910 01 15 Daniel Willard becomes B&O's fourteenth president.
1911 B&O orders 150 2-8-2 Mikados from Baldwin.
1911 Class Q-1aa, 2-8-2 Mikado locomotives built by Baldwin.
1911 First of class Q-1ba, 2-8-2 Mikado locomotives built by Baldwin.
1911 First of class P-1c, 4-6-2 Pacific locomotives built by Baldwin.
1911 Class P-1ba, 4-6-2 Pacific locomotives built by Baldwin.
1911 First of class P-1d, 4-6-2 Pacific locomotives built by Baldwin.
1911 Class P-1da, 4-6-2 Pacific locomotives built by Baldwin.
1911 B&O purchases peninsulas of the Paw Paw Bends of the Potomac River in West Virginia and Maryland in preparation for shortening the route and reducing eastbound grades. The project would be called the Magnolia Cutoff.
1911 11 B&O becomes first railroad in the east to begin a company-wide safety first movement.
1912 The Baltimore and Ohio Employees Magazine started.
1912 Class Q-10, 2-8-2 Mikado locomotive built by Alco.
1912 B&O assumes direct operation of Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton Railroad.
1912 Willard Hotel built in Grafton, named for B&O president Daniel Willard.
1912 09 30 Pittsburgh & Connellsville, along with seven other railroads, merged into the new B&O Railroad Co. in Pa.
1912 11 20 B&O acquires 100% of the Pittsburgh & Western.
1912 11 20 West Virginia and Pittsburg Railroad rail lines purchased.
1913 Last two representatives of the PRR resign from B&O's board.
1913 UP trades SP stock with PRR for its remaining B&O stock then distributes it to its shareholders.
1913 Class Q-1t and class Q-4d, 2-8-2 Mikado locomotives built by Baldwin.
1913 First of class Q-10a, 2-8-2 Mikado locomotives by Alco.
1913 03 B&O business interrupted by flooding in Illinois, Indiana, Ohio and Pennsylvania.
1913 03 13 Board of Directors authorizes the Magnolia Cutoff’s construction.
1914 Connection with Cumberland Valley Railroad, originally built in 1888, upgraded.
1914 First Santa Fe type, 2-10-2, locomotives ordered from Baldwin.
1914 Class S, 2-10-2 Santa Fe locomotives built by Baldwin.
1914 12 06 Magnolia Cutoff officially opens.
1915 Combination station/office built at Strasburg Junction, Va.
1915 Smithfield St. Station in Pittsburgh modernized and enlarged.
1915 New bridge built across Monongahela River at Glenwood.
1915 B&O absorbs Cleveland Terminal and Valley Railway.
1916 Class EL-1a, 2-8-8-0 simple articulated built by Baldwin.
1916 Class Q-7f, 2-8-2 Mikado locomotives built by Baldwin.
1916 Class B-58, 4-6-0 locomotives built by Baldwin.
1916 01 01 B&O switches fiscal year from July 1-June 30 to Jan. 1-Dec. 31 as a result of a ICC decision.
1916 10 President Wilson appoints Daniel Willard to Council of National Defense Advisory Commission.
1917 B&O acquires the Coal and Coke Railway Company.
1917 Class EL-3a, 2-8-8-0 simple articulated built by Baldwin.
1917 Class K-17, 2-6-0 Mogul locomotives built by Lima.
1917 Class Q-10b and class Q-10c, 2-8-2 Mikado locomotives built by Alco.
1917 Class P-4, 4-6-2 Pacific locomotives built by Baldwin.
1917 Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton Railroad absorbed into B&O system.
1917 03 Daniel Willard elected chairman of the Council of National Defense Advisory Commission.
1917 04 11 Daniel Willard meets with top railroad leaders to coordinate the nation's rail network for the war.
1917 07 19 B&O acquires the Toledo and Cincinnati , formerly the Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton.
1917 12 28 Federal government takes over control of all railroads to better coordinate war traffic.
1918 Class KK-5, 2-6-6-2 compound articulated locomotive built by Alco. Rebuilt in 1949.
1918 Class L-4, 0-8-0 switchers built by Alco.
1918 Class Q-3, 2-8-2 Mikado locomotives built by Baldwin.
1919 Class D-30, 0-6-0 switchers built by Alco and Baldwin.
1919 Class EL-5a, 2-8-8-0 simple articulated built by Baldwin.
1919 Class P-5 and class P-5a, 4-6-2 Pacific locomotives built by Alco and Baldwin.
1920 Eight story office building purchased in Baltimore to supplement company headquarters.
1920 03 01 Federal government control of railroads ends.
1920 04 30 President Wilson signs the Transportation Act of 1920 which gives the ICC more power over railroads.
1921 New bridge built across Miami River.
1921 Class Q-4 and class Q-4a, 2-8-2 Mikado locomotives built by Baldwin.
1922 First of class Q-4b, 2-8-2 Mikado locomotives built by Baldwin.
1922 Class P-6a, 4-6-2 Pacific locomotives built by Baldwin.
1922 04 Coal miners strike causes B&O coal traffic to decline. Strike last until August.
1922 07 01 Nationwide strike of railway machinists, etc. affects 25% of B&O work force. Strike last until Sept. 15.
1923 First railroad to put rubber heels between points of metal contacts on passenger car trucks.
1923 Class L-4a, 0-8-0 switchers built by Alco.
1923 Class Q-4c, 2-8-2 Mikado locomotive built by Baldwin.
1923 Class S-1c and class S-1s, 2-10-2 Santa Fe locomotives built by Baldwin.
1923 First of class S-1, 2-10-2 Santa Fe locomotives built by Baldwin.
1923 First of class S-1a, 2-10-2 Santa Fe locomotives built by Lima.
1923 05 13 First run of the Capitol Limited.
1923 08 B&O handles funeral train for President Warren G. Harding between Chicago and Washington.
1925 B&O buys its first diesel, a 60 ton switcher for yard use in Manhattan.
1925 Class D-12, 0-6-0 switcher built by Alco.
1925 First of class T, 4-8-2 Mountain locomotives built by the B&O.
1925 04 26 National Limited all-Pullman train between New York and St. Louis inaugurated.
1926 Class S-1a and class S-1b, 2-10-2 Santa Fe locomotives built by Baldwin.
1926 First of two class U, 0-10-0 switchers built by Baldwin.
1926 08 B&O begins bus service from New York points to trackside at Jersey City terminal which B&O moves back into.
1926 09 01 PRR terminates B&O's right to use Penn Station New York, which was allowed previously due to the war.
1927 B&O orders 20 Pacific locomotives from Baldwin, each to be named after US presidents.
1927 B&O acquires 18% of the capital stock of the Wheeling and Lake Erie.
1927 B&O acquires 40% of the capital stock of the Western Maryland.
1927 Cincinnati, Indianapolis and Western becomes part of the B&O system.
1927 First of class P-7, 4-6-2 Pacific locomotives built by Baldwin.
1927 Classes P-7b, P-7c, P-7d, P-7e and P-9b, 4-6-2 Pacific locomotives built by Baldwin.
1927 02 28 First railroad to keep its charter name for a century.
1927 02 28 Centenary dinner held in Baltimore at The Lyric Theater and the Belvedere Hotel.
1927 09 24 The Centenary Exhibition and Pageant of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad opens.
1927 10 16 Centenary Exhibition, also known as the Fair of the Iron Horse, closes.
1928 B&O begins installing color position signals.
1928 Railroad installs warning lights at 191 grade crossings.
1928 11 First railroad to install tight-lock couplers.
1929 Train Nos. 11 and 4 given the name New York-Cincinnati-St. Louis Special.
1929 First railroad to introduce lounge cars in the East.
1929 B&O buys a large majority of Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburgh Railway stock.
1929 B&O agrees to buy a majority of Buffalo and Susquehanna stock.
1929 B&O ordered by the ICC to divest itself of its Western Maryland stock.
1929 B&O sells its Wheeling and Lake Erie stock.
1930 Train Nos. 11 and 4, The New York-Cincinnati-St. Louis Special renamed The Chesapeake Limited.
1930 First use of pre-cooling machines for overnight sleepers.
1930 Class KK-2, 2-6-6-2 simple articulated locomotive built by Baldwin.
1930 Class T-2, 4-8-2 Mountain locomotives built by Baldwin.
1930 01 13 Testimonial dinner held for Daniel Willard in honor of his 20 years as president.
1930 04 First successful air-conditioned car, Martha Washington diner.
1930 07 First railroad in the East to introduce reclining seat cars.
1930 08 The Chesapeake Limited becomes The Diplomat.
1931 B&O begins building yet another bridge at Harpers Ferry. Fire damages it in March before it even opens.
1931 02 02 Station at Harpers Ferry moved to another location.
1931 05 24 The Columbian inaugurated as first air-conditioned train.
1931 07 31 ICC gives approval to the Reorganization of the Alton, which is owned by the B&O.
1931 11 01 B&O management takes a pay cut of at least 10%. Daniel Willard reports that his pay has been cut 20%.
1932 Train No. 3 replaces No. 11 as The Diplomat westbound.
1932 After reaching a high of 452 in 1929, B&O stock drops to under 4.
1932 B&O obtains it's first Reconstruction Financial Corporation loan.
1932 Negotiating session held in Chicago with 1500 labor representatives and representatives from 21 railroads.
1932 01 01 Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburgh and the Buffalo and Susquehanna added to the B&O System.
1932 01 11 Daniel Willard makes the cover of Time Magazine.
1932 01 31 Agreement reached with labor leaders provides for a 10% reduction in pay for 10 months.
1932 03 27 First railroad radio broadcast from a moving train.
1932 04 20 National Limited inaugurated as first all Pullman air-conditioned train.
1932 05 22 Capitol Limited air-conditioned.
1932 06 Baltimore and Ohio Magazine suspends publication due to money problems.
1932 11 15 Reconstruction Finance Corporation approves a new refunding plan for the B&O.
1933 B&O exhibits at Chicago's Century of Progress exposition.
1933 03 31 Cincinnati Union Terminal dedicated two weeks after being rushed into service due to area flooding.
1934 After purchasing the BR&P and the Chicago and Alton the B&O system reaches 7500 route-miles.
1934 03 Baltimore and Ohio Magazine resumes publication.
1934 05 21 First railroad to use lightweight Cor-Ten steel railroad freight car.
1934 06 17 B&O moves passenger trains to Cleveland Union Terminal.
1935 B&O buys its first road diesels.
1935 Additional help received from the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.
1935 Class KB-1, 2-6-6-4 simple articulated built by Baldwin.
1935 First of class T-4, 4-8-2 Mountain locomotives built by the B&O.
1935 08 Diesels replace the steamer Lord Baltimore on the Royal Blue.
1935 08 22 First railroad to use a diesel to haul a long distance passenger train.
1936 In a survey conducted by Sales Management Magazine, B&O rated 4th in passenger service, 1st in east.
1937 Experimental locomotive, the George H. Emerson, a 4-4-4-4, built.
1937 Class KB-1a, 2-6-6-4 simple articulated built by Baldwin.
1937 04 25 Royal Blue re-equipped with rebuilt, streamlined heavyweight cars.
1937 05 First of six 1800 HP EA's and EB's, classes DP-2 and DP-2X, built for the B&O.
1937 12 09 Royal Blue re-equipped, again with rebuilt heavyweights. Old cars assigned to the Columbian.
1938 Capitol Limited renovated with rebuilt, streamlined heavyweight cars.
1938 B&O makes arrangement with the Public Works Administration to sell the C&O Canal.
1938 01 Yet another loan received from the Reconstruction Finance Corporation.
1939 B&O sponsors the Railroads on Parade exhibit at the New York World's Fair.
1939 First of class T-4a, 4-8-2 Mountain locomotives built by the B&O.
1939 07 Congress passes legislation allowing B&O to extend its bond due dates.
1940 Women's Centennial Congress names B&O's Olive Dennis to list of 100 outstanding career women in US
1940 06 28 A renovated National Limited with rebuilt, streamlined heavyweight cars, enters service.
1940 09 First of eight 2000 HP E6A's and E6B's, classes DP-3 and DP-3X, built for the B&O.
1941 WW I era combines converted to bag.-dorm.-buff. lounge cars for use on The Diplomat and The Shenandoah.
1941 B&O begins abandoning lines from Staunton to Lexington, Va. and completes abandonment in 1949.
1941 B&O begins reducing subsidiaries from 107 to 70 carrier corporations.
1941 06 01 Board of Directors accepts Daniel Willard's resignation as president. Roy Barton White succeeds him.
1941 06 01 Board of Directors elects Daniel Willard chairman of the board.
1941 12 19 Columbian's route extended from Jersey City to Chicago.
1942 Yard facilities improved at Locus Point.
1942 B&O abandons unprofitable Valley Railroad of Virginia.
1942 B&O controlled Alton Railroad forced into bankruptcy.
1942 FT diesel locomotives first appear.
1942 First of class T-3, 4-8-2 Mountain locomotives built by the B&O.
1942 07 06 Daniel Willard dies at the age of 81.
1942 08 31 B&O becomes one of the first railroads in the east to use diesels to run a freight train.
1942 09 24 The Ambassador runs into the rear end of Cleveland Express near Dickerson, Md. killing fourteen.
1943 B&O sells lines south of Harrisonburg, Va. to Chesapeake Western.
1943 B&O begins to acquire EM-1's, 2-8-8-4's, from Baldwin.
1943 New diesel fueling and repair facilities built at Willard, Ohio.
1943 Some Mikados converted from 2-8-2 to 4-8-2 at the Mount Clare Shops.
1943 Class T-3a, 4-8-2 Mountain locomotive built by the B&O.
1943 First of class T-3b, 4-8-2 Mountain locomotives built by the B&O.
1943 First of class T-3t, 4-8-2 Mountain locomotives built by the B&O.
1943 12 27 Federal government takes over control of all railroads but only until Jan. 18 during labor difficulty.
1944 Workers from Mexico employed to relieve major shortage caused by the war and its increased traffic.
1944 First of the class EM-1, 2-8-8-4 simple articulated built by Baldwin.
1945 B&O motive power roster; 137 diesels, 1,968 steam locomotives, 9 electric locomotives, 2,114 total.
1945 02 First of eighteen 2000 HP E7A's, class DP-4, built for the B&O.
1945 06 A scheduled second section of the National Limited added to help handle returning military personnel.
1946 Ten articulated 2-6-6-4's purchased from SAL.
1946 B&O debt adjustment plan approved by the ICC and the Supreme Court.
1946 President Truman orders the railroads seized by the government to head off a nationwide strike.
1946 Class P-7d, 4-6-2 Pacific locomotives rebuilt.
1946 04 28 Detroit passenger trains moved from Ft. Street Union Depot to Michigan Central Station.
1946 07 07 Southwest through Pullman service inaugurated to Oklahoma City on B&O's Diplomat and Frisco's Meteor.
1946 07 07 Through sleeping cars added to National Limited to provide service to Texas and Oklahoma.
1947 B&O motive power roster; 150 diesels, 1,891 steam locomotives, 9 electric locomotives, 2,050 total.
1947 Serva-seat service introduced making inexpensive meals available to coach passengers.
1947 First of class T-3c, 4-8-2 Mountain locomotives built by the B&O.
1947 01 19 The Cincinnatian inaugurated between Baltimore to Cincinnati.
1947 01 20 On only the second day of operation, The Cincinnatian kills a pedestrian at a grade crossing in Wilsonburg.
1947 03 Sentinel Service introduced which assures shippers a definite delivery date.
1947 03 Supreme Court approves sale of Pullman's cars to the railroads including B&O.
1947 06 01 Alton Railroad consolidated with the Gulf, Mobil and Ohio. B&O gives up control of Alton.
1948 B&O exhibits at Chicago Railroad Fair.
1948 F3 diesels added to roster.
1948 03 13 Passenger operations at South Street and All Saints streets in Frederick, Md. cease.
1948 03 15 Frederick, Md. operations resume at facilities at Carroll and All Saints streets.
1948 10 16 Last steam locomotive built at Mt. Clare Shops completed.
1948 12 B&O pays out first dividend since 1931.
1949 B&O drops 34 passenger trains and saves almost $2 million per year.
1949 B&O motive power roster; 338 diesels, 1,644 steam locomotives, 9 electric locomotives, 1,991 total.
1949 A new Union Station opens in Akron, Ohio.
1949 B&O ends passenger service on the old main line from Baltimore to Mt. Airy.
1949 F7 diesels added to roster.
1949 Class P-7e, 4-6-2 Pacific locomotives rebuilt.
1949 01 B&O moves about 10,000 passengers moved to the capital for Harry Truman's inauguration.
1949 08 20 Train Valley 55 makes last run from Harpers Ferry to Strasburg Junction, ending passenger service in valley.
1949 09 National Limited's schedule improved, westbound down to 24 hours, eastbound down to 24 hours, 25 min.
1949 11 01 End of passenger service to Hagerstown.
1950 B&O drops 20 more passenger trains.
1950 Diplomat's coffee shoppe cars re-designated to coach-lounge cars as service hours are reduced.
1950 Time Saver Service introduced for LCL promising second day service between NYC and Midwest cities.
1950 During a coal strike the ICC orders railroads to cut passenger service to conserve coal.
1950 06 25 The Cincinnatian begins running between Detroit and Cincinnati after failing on the Balt.-Cinn. run.
1950 09 First of sixteen 2250 HP E8A's, class DP-6, built for the B&O.
1951 B&O drops another 14 passenger trains.
1951 B&O motive power roster; 423 diesels, 1,275 steam locomotives, 9 electric locomotives, 1,707 total.
1951 New RFC head orders investigation of B&O's debt readjustment of 1944, road is later cleared.
1951 04 11 Bridge at Harpers Ferry burns again. Fire caused by open ash pan door.
1952 Electrification ended in Howard St. tunnel.
1952 02 28 Post Office issues a three cent stamp marking 125th anniversary of B&O's charter.
1952 03 First batch of eight SW9 switchers built for B&O and are assigned to B&OCT upon delivery.
1952 05 29 B&O enters agreement with State of Pa. to cover relocation of Pittsburgh facilities.
1953 B&O drops 9 more passenger trains.
1953 B&O motive power roster; 810 diesels, 787 steam locomotives, 1,597 total.
1953 Eight RDC's purchased from Budd.
1953 SD-7's added to roster.
1953 06 First of six E8Am's and E8Bm's, rebuilt from EA's and EB's, classes DP-7 and DP-7X, built for B&O.
1953 07 04 B&O Transportation Museum opens in Baltimore at Mount Clare Station.
1953 08 19 Howard E. Simpson elected to replace Roy B. White as president.
1953 09 B&O receives the Harrimann Safety Award.
1953 09 01 Howard E. Simpson becomes president, Roy B. White becomes chairman of the board.
1953 10 26 Testimonial dinner held for Howard Simpson and Roy White and is attended by 900 people.
1953 11 New TOFC facilities completed in Pittsburgh.
1953 12 Six more SW9's built for B&O.
1954 04 B&O Locust Terminal featured on the Today Show.
1954 07 TOFC begins on the B&O.
1954 11 New freight house goes into service in Pittsburgh.
1955 TV cameras installed at Potomac Yards for identification of freight cars.
1955 B&O motive power roster; 911 diesels, 508 steam locomotives, 1,419 total.
1955 B&O refinances $350 million debt, largest railroad refinancing to date.
1955 New diesel facilities built at Cumberland, Keyser, East Dayton and Indianapolis.
1955 02 Steve Allen gives Tonight Show viewers a tour of the B&O Museum.
1955 05 First of four 2400 HP E9A's, class DP-8, built for B&O.
1955 10 B&O discontinues passenger service between Pittsburgh and Buffalo.
1956 B&O's number of passenger trains is down to 98 total with few locals left.
1956 05 B&O's regional offices in Pittsburgh relocated.
1956 06 09 Hot box causes a derailment and yet another fire on the bridge at Harpers Ferry.
1956 07 B&O discontinues passenger service between Pittsburgh and Cincinnati.
1956 10 28 B&O places the Daylight Speedliners into service between Philadelphia and Pittsburgh using Budd RDC cars.
1956 10 28 The Marylander, No. 523, servicing the New York-Washington market, discontinued.
1957 B&O motive power roster; 1,106 diesels, 233 steam locomotives, 1,339 total.
1957 Roster-wide locomotive renumbering. System of digits and subletters replaced with four digit numbers.
1957 B&O removes one track of the original mainline between Orleans Road and Okonoko.
1957 05 Eight SW1200's built for B&O.
1957 06 Grant Street Station completed in Pittsburgh replacing old station at Smithfield St.
1958 Datamatic Electronic Computer installed at B&O's headquarters in Baltimore.
1958 B&O Transportation Museum closes.
1958 04 03 Last steam engines, 4-8-2's, run between Garrett, Ind. and Lima, Ohio.
1958 04 26 Passenger service ends on Washington-New York line north of Mount Royal Station.
1958 10 26 B&O reduces Louisville sleeper service to just one car in each direction.
1958 12 Locust Point New Fruit Terminal opened along Baltimore Harbor.
1959 B&O motive power roster; 1,130 diesels, 44 steam locomotives, 1,174 total.
1959 Alfred Perlman, president of the NYC, suggest a three way merger with the B&O and C&O.
1959 Railroad begins using a simplified blue locomotive paint scheme, black and gold striping retained.
1959 08 25 World's longest vertical lift bridge opens linking New Jersey with Staten Island.
1960 B&O motive power roster; 1,129 diesels, 0 steam locomotives.
1960 09 17 The Diplomat discontinued east of Cincinnati.
1961 B&O sells about 98 miles of detached line to the Wellsville, Addison and Galeton Railroad.
1961 B&O removes final tracks of the original mainline between Orleans Road and Okonoko. The Magnolia Cutoff becomes the mainline, resulting in a gap in the milepost numbering between Park Junction and Cumberland.
1961 01 03 Last B&O passenger train from Louisville, No. 57, departs.
1961 02 ICC begins hearings on C&O's application for authority to acquire stock control of the B&O.
1961 02 President of the C&O announces that his road has 61% of B&O stock.
1961 04 30 The Diplomat completely discontinued.
1961 05 21 Howard Simpson elected chairman of the board.
1961 06 01 Jervis Langdon, Jr. assumes presidency of B&O succeeding Howard Simpson.
1961 07 All passenger service north of Camden Station in Baltimore ends, Mt. Royal Station closes.
1961 10 The National Limited begins running via Cumberland instead of the Patterson Creek Cutoff.
1961 12 20 Board accepts Howard Simpson's resignation as chairman.
1962 B&O ends passenger service to Cleveland when it discontinues the Cleveland Night Express.
1962 Main erecting shop at Mount Clare burns.
1962 01 Final briefs filed with ICC by B&O and C&O.
1962 12 31 ICC announces it's approval of C&O's control of the B&O by a split vote of 8 to 3.
1963 B&O Transportation Museum reopens.
1963 Sunburst paint scheme introduced for locomotives.
1963 01 B&O drops the Baltimore-Pittsburgh Daylight Speedliner.
1963 02 04 C&O officially takes control of the B&O.
1963 05 14 Parkersburg-Clarksburg main line closed for 5 months for tunnel renovation.
1964 President Jervis E. Langdon asks Paul H. Reistrup study if passenger service can ever be profitable.
1964 The Tri-Staters discontinued.
1964 Jervis Langdon, Jr. gives up presidency of B&O and is succeeded by Walter Touhy.
1964 C&O begins to take steps to include Western Maryland in the C&O/B&O system.
1964 04 27 Supreme Court confirms the right of railroads to eventually eliminate most firemen positions.
1964 05 17 Southwest through service ends on the National Limited.
1964 10 The National Limited renamed the National.
1964 10 27 Detroit passenger trains moved back to Ft. Street Union Depot.
1965 B&O pioneers auto train concept by adding an auto-carrier car to the rear of the Wash.-Chicago Express.
1965 Gregory S. Devine succeeds Walter Touhy as president.
1965 09 07 National Limited's through cars rerouted via C&O's George Washington.
1966 Paul H. Reistrup issues a formal report that states that the B&O's passenger situation is hopeless.
1966 Gregory S. Devine elected president and CEO of both C&O and B&O when Walter Touhy dies.
1967 Post Office removes most first class and storage mail from the railroads.
1967 Solid blue locomotive paint scheme appears.
1967 10 First of eight C&O E8A's transferred to the B&O and renumbered into the B&O's number system.
1968 03 ICC approves control of the Western Maryland by the C&O/B&O system.
1969 04 01 B&O handles funeral train for former president Dwight D. Eisenhower between Cincinnati and St. Louis.
1970 10 Congress passes legislation which creates National Railroad Passenger Corporation.
1971 Gregory S. Devine retires and is succeeded by Hays T. Watkins as president and CEO.
1971 05 01 Amtrak takes over most of the nation's inter-city passenger business, including all of the B&O's.
1972 02 Amtrak places Turbo Train in service on B&O rails between Washington and Parkersburg.
1972 06 21 Hurricane Agnes causes damage to the B&O.
1973 06 15 C&O, B&O and WM made subsidiaries of Chessie System.
1974 Hays T. Watkins becomes president and chairman of the Chessie System.
1974 04 02 Old Main Line reopened after hurricane destruction in 1972.
1975 B&O Transportation Museum renamed B&O Railroad Museum.
1977 02 28 Party held at the B&O Museum in honor of B&O's 150th birthday.
1977 05 07 Chessie steam special run in honor of B&O's 150th anniversary.
1979 John T. Collinson becomes new B&O president.
1980 02 12 Barbara Jean Hopkins becomes B&O's first women engineer to be killed while on duty.
1980 09 ICC approves a merger of Chessie System and Seaboard Coast Line Industries.
1980 11 01 CSX Corp. created as a holding company for Chessie System and Family Lines (later Seaboard System).
1983 05 01 WM stock taken over by C&O while operations taken over by B&O.
1987 04 30 B&O merges into C&O and ceases to exist.
1987 07 31 C&O merges into CSX.
1992 03 18 CSX deeds Mt. Clare property to B&O Railroad Museum
2003 02 16 B&O Museum roundhouse roof collapses under heavy snow forcing the museum to close.
2004 11 13 B&O Museum reopens to the public.
Sources-Books:
Baltimore & Ohio E-Unit Diesel Passenger Locomotives by Douglas B. Nuckles.
Baltimore & Ohio Passenger Service, 1945-1971-Volume 1 by Harry Stegmaier, Jr.
Baltimore & Ohio Passenger Service, 1945-1971-Volume 2 by Harry Stegmaier, Jr.
Baltimore and Ohio, Reflections of the Capital Dome, New York to Cumberland by Stephen J. Salamon, David P. Oroszi and David P. Ori.
Car Names, Numbers and Consists by Robert J. Wayner.
Down at the Depot by Edwin P. Alexander.
East End by Jeffrey R. Hollis and Charles S. Roberts.
History of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad by John F. Stover.
Sources-Magazines:
Classic Trains, Summer 2003
Locomotive & Railway Preservation, May-June 1996.
Model Railroader, August 1995.
Railroad Magazine, Dec 1953.
Sentinel, July/August 1994.
Sentinel, Winter 1995/1996.
Sentinel, Spring 1996.
Sentinel, Summer 1996.
Sentinel, November/December 1996.
Sentinel, Winter/Spring 1997.
Sentinel, Fourth Quarter 1997.
Sentinel, First Quarter 1998.
Sentinel, Third Quarter 1998.
Trains, November 1990.
Trains, May 1991.
Trains, May 1992.
Souces-Web Sites:
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Museum
Sources-Other:
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad: Directory of Industries, c1939.
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Historical Society 2000 Calendar.
The Magnolia Cut-Off Improvement on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad by A. W. Thompson.
Copyright © 1999-2019 Scott Dunlap
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